Burner and heater device with plurality of whirl chambers



1953 e. M. A. c. GEEVEN ETAL BURNER AND HEATER DEVICE WITH PLURALITY OFWHIRL CHAMBERS Filed Sept. 14, 1950 N m w m E M V E M m H A .Y ALQ/ QM-MAW 5 9N D n /w 9 m; l M A Y x J m B M117 s u u L. L m n w L o T 1patented Dec. 15, 1953 UNITED STA'iE5 -PATET OFFICE BURNER AND HEATERDEVICE WITH PLU- RALITY OF WHIRL CHAMBERS trustee Application September14, 1950, Serial No. 184,798

Claims priority, application Netherlands October 27, 1949 3 Claims. 1

The present invention relates generally to burners and moreparticularly, to those burners particularly adapted to burn the fuelwhich is supplied thereto in the form of a gas or vapor.

Burners for fuel in the form of gas or vapor are already known in whichthe fuel is tangentially introduced into a substantially cylindricalwhirl chamber. The term fuel is to be understood to include combustionair together with the combustible gas or vapor. Owing to the shape ofthe chamber and the speed of the gas a whirling action is impartedthereto. If the combustible gas and the air are supplied separately, thewhirl has the effect of mixing gas and air intensely. One advantage ofsuch a burner is that it has a large control range of,

for example, about 1:15 for adjusting the mixture ratio. A furtheradvantage is that the construction is particularly simple. However, thisknown burner has a limitation in that the length of the flame emanatingfrom the burner orifice is great and the burner produces a loud buzz.For certain uses in particular, the length of the flame may involvedifliculty in view of the available space.

The present invention relates specifically to a burner device based onthe whirl chamber principle. The novel burner device is characterized inthat it comprises a plurality of preferably cylindrical whirl chambersof not more than about mms. diameter, each open at one end thereof. Toeach of said chambers there is fed tangentially at least one of themedia to be caused to whirl in said chambers.

The advantage of this novel burner device over the known devices is thatat substantially identical capacities the length of the flames emanatingfrom the orifices of the burner is materially smaller and the noise issubstantially reduced. This may be due to the fact that in the burneraccording to the invention one great whirl is substituted for by aplurality of smaller ones. Furthermore, the burner device according tothe invention is adapted to operate with a less plentiful supply of airthan known burners, with the result that the operation is moreeconomical.

According to the embodiment of the invention, each of the whirl chambersis provided in addition to the aforesaid tangential feeding means withat least one preferably eccentric aperture in its bottom for theadmission of one of the other media. This measure assists in mixing thevarious media more intimately.

The burner device according to the invention is of simple manufactureif, in accordance with one embodiment, the device comprises a body,

till

2 preferably made of metal, in which several whirl chambers arerecessed. Preferably, in this case the said body has also recessed in ita number of passages, each of which leads from a common supply chamberfor one of the media to one of the whirl chambers.

A further embodiment of the invention preferably incorporates thefeature that the relative position of the Whirl chambers conforms withthe shape of the body to be heated or the bodies to be heated or thepart to be heated of the body. This ensures correct conformity betweenthe two parts, with the result that the heat is directed especially towhere heating is desired and necessary.

In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention the bodyto be heated may be the heater of a hot-gas engine. It is advantageousif, in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, thehot-gas engine comprises more than one cylinder and each cylindercomprises a separate heater, the supply of either or both of the mediato the whirl chambers being controlled by a device common to all thewhirl chambers.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood and readilycarried into effect, it will now be described in detail with referenceto the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a burner device in accordance withone embodiment of the present invention; the section being taken alongline I-I in Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the aforesaid burner device;

Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically a heater of a hot-gas reciprocating enginecomprising another burner device according to another embodiment of theinvention; the internal arrangement being indicated in dotted lines; and

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the burner device shown in Fig. 3.

In Fig. 1, l and 2 designate parts of the burner device secured togetherby means of screws 3. The part I comprises a pair of plate members Iand. I" having a contiguous surface I. The plate members I and I"coacting as an entity are provided with eight whirl chambers t as seenin Figure 2. These whirl chambers have formed in them at their closedends located in plate I" a small aperture 5 which is eccentric withrespect to the circumference of the whirl chamber. The parts I and I"are furthermore provided with aligning bores 6 and 5'', respectivelywhich coact to define a centrally arranged chamber ii,

into which eight passages I are opened out at I4. These passages 7,formed by cooperating grooves 1' and l", in plates I and I",respectively, are rectangular in cross-section, and have their otherends opening tangentially into the whirl chambers 4 at 12. The part 2 ofthe burner device has an annular groove 8 and two supply pipeconnections 9 and ID. The pipe connection 9, through which for examplepreferably preheated combustion air may be fed under pressure, opensthrough a channel ll into said chamber 6, which is provided for thispurpose. The pipe connection It, has a channel i3 through which, forexample, gaseous fuels may be supplied. Channel l3 opens into theannular groove 8 at i5, which enables communication with the whirlchambers 4, through the apertures 9.

Referring to Fig. 3, 3| designates the cylinder of a hot-gas engine.This cylinder has internal fins 32, which are screened by a cylinderlining 33. A piston-shaped body 34 is adapted to move Within thiscylindrical lining 33. Externally the cylinder 3| is provided with finsl5, between which flames or combustion gases are allowed to pass. Theburner device 56 is provided, similarly to that shown in Fig. 1, with aplurality of whirl chambers H. In contradistinction to Fig. 1, gaseousfuel and combustion air are supplied in common through the aperture 18which is arranged in a communication butt I9. The aperture [8 givesaccess to a chamber 20, whence channels 2| of rectangular section leadto the whirl chambers I! so that these channels 2| are tangentiallyopened out into the whirl chambers IT. The burner device fully conformswith the shape of the body to be heated, in the present case the heater22 of a hot-gas engine, said heater surrounding the motor head.

What we claim is:

1. A burner device comprising a casing, a plurality of cylindrical whirlchambers, each being provided with a bottom portion and each having adiameter of not more than 30 mms., said whirl chambers being arranged ina circle in said casing, an air supply chamber arranged centrally ofsaid whirl chambers, a conduit for feeding air to said supply chamber, afirst plurality of conduits each connected at one end tangentially tosaid whirl chamber and at the other end to said supply chamber, anannular passageway in said casing, conduit means for feeding fuel tosaid annular passageway and a second plurality of conduits eacheccentrically connected at one end to said bottom portion of each whirlchamber and at the other end to said annular passageway thereby feedingfuel to said whirl chamber.

2. A burner device comprising a casing, a plurality of cylindrical whirlchambers, each being provided with a bottom portion and each having adiameter of not more than 30 mms., said whirl chambers being arrangedannularly in said casing, an air supply chamber arranged centrally ofsaid whirl chambers, a conduit for feeding air to said supply chamber, aplurality of conduits each connected at one end tangentially to saidwhirl chamber and at the other end to said supply chamber, an annularpassageway in said casing in line with said annularly arranged whirlchambers, said bottom portion of each whirl chamber having an aperturetherein located eccentrically to the whirl chamber axis, conduit meansfor feeding fuel to said annular passageway and a conduit connectingsaid aperture to said annular passageway thereby feeding fuel to saidwhirl chamber.

3. A heater for a hot gas engine comprising a cylinder, a plurality ofribs radially projecting from said cylinder, a burner casing arrangedadjacent said cylinder, a plurality of cylindrical whirl chambers, eachbeing provided with a bottom portion and each having a diameter of notmore than 30 mms. annularly arranged in line with said radiallyprojecting ribs, an air supply chamber arranged centrally of said whirlchambers, a conduit for feeding air to said supply chamber, a firstplurality of conduits each connected at one end tangentially to saidwhirl chamber and at the other end to said supply chamber, an annularpassageway in said casing, conduit means for feeding fuel to saidannular passageway and a second plurality of conduits each eccentricallyconnected at one end to said bottom portion of each whirl chamber and atthe other end to said annular passageway thereby feeding fuel to saidwhirl chamber.

GOMARUS MARIA ADRIANUS CORNELIS GEEVEN. JACOBUS ALBERTUS LOUISA YZER.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 309,163 Robinson Dec. 9, 1884 1,277,849 Campbell et al. Sept,3, 1918 1,334,309 McKee Mar, 23 1920 1,656,907 Bansen Jan. 4, 19282,067,453 Lee Jan. 12, 1937 2,122,132 Docking June 28, 1938 2,484,392Van Heeckeren Oct. 11, 1949 2,511,380 Stadler June 13, 1950 2,533,143Scharbau et al Dec. 5, 1950

